Share a Link to Facebook using PHP
Here is the code you need to share a link to Facebook using PHP. With small changes you can use this code to post just a message (without link), or to upload a photo in a Facebook album.
Also, with small changes you can use this code to post either to your Facebook Profile or your Fan Pages or Business Pages.
Detailed instructions are provided below in this post.
The following PHP script can be invoked from command line (or Cron) or from your browser.
<?php
// require Facebook PHP SDK
// see: https://developers.facebook.com/docs/php/gettingstarted/
require_once("/YOUR_PATH_TO/facebook_php_sdk/facebook.php");
// initialize Facebook class using your own Facebook App credentials
// see: https://developers.facebook.com/docs/php/gettingstarted/#install
$config = array();
$config['appId'] = 'YOUR_APP_ID';
$config['secret'] = 'YOUR_APP_SECRET';
$config['fileUpload'] = false; // optional
$fb = new Facebook($config);
// define your POST parameters (replace with your own values)
$params = array(
"access_token" => "YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN", // see: https://developers.facebook.com/docs/facebook-login/access-tokens/
"message" => "Here is a blog post about auto posting on Facebook using PHP #php #facebook",
"link" => "http://www.pontikis.net/blog/auto_post_on_facebook_with_php",
"picture" => "http://i.imgur.com/lHkOsiH.png",
"name" => "How to Auto Post on Facebook with PHP",
"caption" => "www.pontikis.net",
"description" => "Automatically post on Facebook with PHP using Facebook PHP SDK. How to create a Facebook app. Obtain and extend Facebook access tokens. Cron automation."
);
// post to Facebook
// see: https://developers.facebook.com/docs/reference/php/facebook-api/
try {
$ret = $fb->api('/YOUR_FACEBOOK_ID/feed', 'POST', $params);
echo 'Successfully posted to Facebook';
} catch(Exception $e) {
echo $e->getMessage();
}
?>
From the above code, it is obvious that
- you have to use Facebook PHP SDK (line 4)
- you have to create a Facebook app in order to use Facebook API (line 9,10)
- you have to get an Access Token, so your app can be post on your behalf (line 17)
- you have to renew Access Token after expiration (about 60 days)
- you have to get your Facebook id, either for your Personal Profile or for your Fan Pages or Business Pages (line 29)
All these steps are described below. I use a demo app (
Demo_auto_post_php) without hiding "sensitive" information like app secret, access tokens etc. The reason is to make the whole process more understandable. Of course, all these "sensitive" data is not valid.
This app (Demo_auto_post_php) created just for demo purposes and it has been deleted.
Get Facebook PHP SDK
Download
Facebook PHP SDK (v.3.2.2 at the time of writing this article) from Github at You may use any library available (in PHP section) of
https://github.com/facebook/facebook-php-sdk.
Actually, you need three files (under folder
src)
- facebook.php (the main class)
- base_facebook.php (other classes)
- fb_ca_chain_bundle.crt (SSLcertificate)
Get and put them in the same directory (for example
facebook_php_sdk ).
Facebook PHP SDK (v.3.2.2) Requirements
How to Create a Facebook app
Step 1 - Go to
https://developers.facebook.com/apps
and sign in with your account. Then press the button "+Create new app".
New app name is
Demo_auto_post
(click
the
thumb for full image)
Step 2 - Your new Facebook app is just created
Your Facebook app credentials are now available:
App ID and
App Secret.
(click
the
thumb for full image)
Step 3 - Disable Sandbox mode and set Canvas URL. Then press "Save changes"
Disable Sandbox mode, so your app will become live (visible to all users).
Click on "App on Facebook" tab and set Canvas URL. I set
Canvas URL to "http://localhost/fb-tokens" (and
Secure Canvas URL to "https://localhost/fb-tokens"). This is the (local) URL where Facebook will use to redirect some results you need. Of course, you can use any URL you prefer. Please, see below (How to Get Facebook Access Token STEP 1 - create the
redirect_uri page) for details.
(click
the
thumb for full image)
Please, note, that,
you need a Personal Facebook account in order to create a Facebook app. Then, you can obtain Access Tokens for your Fan or Business Pages. In case you have only a Business Page (without a Personal Facebook profile), you cannot automate post procedure using a Facebook app. In this case you have to create a Personal Profile and then assign you as Admin to Business Page.
How to Get Facebook Access Token
STEP 1 - create the redirect_uri page
First, create a simple php script in your local web server, which has the
Canvas URL (
redirect_uri) you set creating your Facebook App in STEP 3. I set this URL to
http://localhost/fb-tokens/. My local web server
DocumentRoot is
/srv/http, so:
mkdir /srv/http/fb-tokens
nano /srv/http/fb-tokens/index.php
Put the following code.
<?php
print_r($_GET);
?>
This code will just print the
php $_GET array, in other words what Facebook will
pass to you from
query string.
STEP 2 - authorize your app (give permissions)
On your browser, give the following url, where
client_id is App ID and
redirect_uri is the URL defined as Canvas URL
https://www.facebook.com/dialog/oauth?client_id=167252680143474&redirect_uri=http://localhost/fb-tokens/&scope=manage_pages,publish_stream
The part
&scope=manage_pages,publish_stream of this URL defines thw permissions you will assign to your app.
Read about Facebook permissions:
- an introduction here.
- about Facebook publish_stream permission here.
- about Facebook manage_pages permission here.
The result will be authorize your app to access your profile
(click
the
thumb for full image)
click OK authorize your app to post to your friends on your behalf
(click
the
thumb for full image)
click OK authorize your app to manage your Pages
(click
the
thumb for full image)
Get the
code value
(click
the
thumb for full image)
You will get somenthing like this
Array
(
[code] =>
AQCnhrD8RSxJRmGJdYCfFD33hGPv84xa-xqXKD1-3i3qmsPjqHODEn1cROQkYv6LSKhKlPBxkPHD9gUs-9W0GSwDJVvarX70QiLAYmcLsGhN2u0Ib1OF512TvMljg8WLjx0FaAFCB1DHiTqYE-6ZNtWqtZpe4aIecOw949QNcWbZOf2BiCH_yECCNfamKdatV5Nv1Oa1IvIi_8_zVGc_cQqujVC_O2Apkzyj7M1cypoucGc02NzpAQv3yPqCnIuz5TWglcvhr2YNL7HAClLW0ydWgmq7FyfXOfrbFLoRjd-GRTevmTCffA2iV_A1i-itStY
)
After getting the
code value, give the following url, where
client_id is App ID and
redirect_uri is the URL defined as Canvas URL,
client_secret is App Secret and
code is the
code got.
https://graph.facebook.com/oauth/access_token?client_id=167252680143474&redirect_uri=http://localhost/fb-tokens/&client_secret=29d8d368420dc1e81198fce224ac71c9&code=AQCnhrD8RSxJRmGJdYCfFD33hGPv84xa-xqXKD1-3i3qmsPjqHODEn1cROQkYv6LSKhKlPBxkPHD9gUs-9W0GSwDJVvarX70QiLAYmcLsGhN2u0Ib1OF512TvMljg8WLjx0FaAFCB1DHiTqYE-6ZNtWqtZpe4aIecOw949QNcWbZOf2BiCH_yECCNfamKdatV5Nv1Oa1IvIi_8_zVGc_cQqujVC_O2Apkzyj7M1cypoucGc02NzpAQv3yPqCnIuz5TWglcvhr2YNL7HAClLW0ydWgmq7FyfXOfrbFLoRjd-GRTevmTCffA2iV_A1i-itStY
(click
the
thumb for full image)
You will get the Access Token (!)
access_token=CAACYHYyWcnIBAJ1LwRLTERQNXJ4qRCqoTf2pgs1V2AiZCOreWAH0bY2UKaoyD3elfcEZAZAs6fZAEYPAZC5OlU6ZCg8Org32D13LiencxZA0PsNzkQPPuZCiZAukgMnqLXM0F2ZBlYZAnZB08qVwOo6DgiCJSlkoZCb9VVs0ARsleZBcduzTQKZBvIcvjLZBXXr5ye8R4FcZD&expires=5183831
STEP 3 - Access Tokens for your Facebook Pages (if any)
If you have any Facebook Pages (except your Personal Profile), you can get Access Tokens for them, using the following URL, where
access_token is the Access Token you just got for your Personal
Profile
https://graph.facebook.com/me/accounts?access_token=CAACYHYyWcnIBAJ1LwRLTERQNXJ4qRCqoTf2pgs1V2AiZCOreWAH0bY2UKaoyD3elfcEZAZAs6fZAEYPAZC5OlU6ZCg8Org32D13LiencxZA0PsNzkQPPuZCiZAukgMnqLXM0F2ZBlYZAnZB08qVwOo6DgiCJSlkoZCb9VVs0ARsleZBcduzTQKZBvIcvjLZBXXr5ye8R4FcZD
The result will be the following JSON string
{
"data": [
{
"category": "Website",
"name": "pontikis.net",
"access_token": "CAACYHYyWcnIBAMK1y2tqiRKx8bBXGFFzjdUamOlMZCBJrTSL8ic1z5sZBarBi3DbTh9mMUz3aiZCAQRNHvOmcMxLZC53FNtkrVCq8rZCLsyjbQVZAt8o7S6Rd1UT0LK7AkgyZAlu11MC9rWND8eZBiKjjiYjwmBMLWko7k6GGPZCREehKRNFCsyM1Ll7sFb1hXycZD",
"perms": [
"ADMINISTER",
"EDIT_PROFILE",
"CREATE_CONTENT",
"MODERATE_CONTENT",
"CREATE_ADS",
"BASIC_ADMIN"
],
"id": "466400200079875"
}
],
"paging": {
"next": "https://graph.facebook.com/100005247665389/accounts?access_token=CAACYHYyWcnIBAJ1LwRLTERQNXJ4qRCqoTf2pgs1V2AiZCOreWAH0bY2UKaoyD3elfcEZAZAs6fZAEYPAZC5OlU6ZCg8Org32D13LiencxZA0PsNzkQPPuZCiZAukgMnqLXM0F2ZBlYZAnZB08qVwOo6DgiCJSlkoZCb9VVs0ARsleZBcduzTQKZBvIcvjLZBXXr5ye8R4FcZD&limit=5000&offset=5000&__after_id=491387474252073"
}
}
Except of getting Access Token for your Fan Pages, the above step is useful to get your Fan Pages Facebook id. You will need it, when you try to post to your Fan Pages. However, this procedure is described independently (see below: How to Find your Facebook id)
STEP 4 - Check your Access Token
Facebook
Access Tokens will expire in about an hour. Access Token obtained with the above procedure are long-lived Access Tokens and will expire after two months (60 days).
offline_access permission, used to prevent tokens expiration, was depreceted since 2012. Read more at
https://developers.facebook.com/roadmap/offline-access-removal/.
Since offline access is deprecated you cannot create an access token which doesn’t expire. The best you can get is a long-lived Access Token (expires in 60 days).
So, it is very important to know your Access Token expiration time. Just use the URL
https://developers.facebook.com/tools/debug/access_token
For example, to check (debug) the Access Token obtained for this demo
(click
the
thumb for full image)
Notice that this Access Token will expire after 60 days.
I remind you that this app (
Demo_auto_post_php) has been deleted, so the above URL will not give you the same results. The above screenshot is taken before app deletion.
Renew Access Token after expiration
Facebook long-lived
Access Tokens will expire after about two months (60
days). In order your app to remain functioning, you (unfortunately) have to
repeat "How to Get Facebook Access Token - STEP 2".
How to Find your Facebook id
The Facebook id of a Personal Profile of Fan Page or Business Page is public information, available using Facebook Graph API. Just use a URL like:
http://graph.facebook.com/username
For example:
To find my Facebook Personal Profile id, use:
http://graph.facebook.com/chr.pontikis
To find Facebook id of my Fan Page (the Fan Page of this blog), use:
http://graph.facebook.com/pontikis.net
You may also use some online tools like
http://findfacebookid.com/
DEMO
Here are some demo posts.
Share a Link to Personal Profile
The code is
<?php
require_once("/path/to/facebook_php_sdk/facebook.php"); // set the right path
$config = array();
$config['appId'] = '167252680143474';
$config['secret'] = '29d8d368420dc1e81198fce224ac71c9';
$config['fileUpload'] = false; // optional
$fb = new Facebook($config);
$params = array(
// this is the main access token (facebook profile)
"access_token" => "CAACYHYyWcnIBAJ1LwRLTERQNXJ4qRCqoTf2pgs1V2AiZCOreWAH0bY2UKaoyD3elfcEZAZAs6fZAEYPAZC5OlU6ZCg8Org32D13LiencxZA0PsNzkQPPuZCiZAukgMnqLXM0F2ZBlYZAnZB08qVwOo6DgiCJSlkoZCb9VVs0ARsleZBcduzTQKZBvIcvjLZBXXr5ye8R4FcZD",
"message" => "Here is a blog post about auto posting on Facebook using PHP #php #facebook",
"link" => "http://www.pontikis.net/blog/auto_post_on_facebook_with_php",
"picture" => "http://i.imgur.com/lHkOsiH.png",
"name" => "How to Auto Post on Facebook with PHP",
"caption" => "www.pontikis.net",
"description" => "Automatically post on Facebook with PHP using Facebook PHP SDK. How to create a Facebook app. Obtain and extend Facebook access tokens. Cron automation."
);
try {
$ret = $fb->api('/me/feed', 'POST', $params);
echo 'Successfully posted to Facebook Personal Profile';
} catch(Exception $e) {
echo $e->getMessage();
}
?>
And the result is
Share a Link to Fan Page
The code is
<?php
require_once("/path/to/facebook_php_sdk/facebook.php"); // set the right path
$config = array();
$config['appId'] = '167252680143474';
$config['secret'] = '29d8d368420dc1e81198fce224ac71c9';
$config['fileUpload'] = false; // optional
$fb = new Facebook($config);
$params = array(
// this is the access token for Fan Page
"access_token" => "CAACYHYyWcnIBAMK1y2tqiRKx8bBXGFFzjdUamOlMZCBJrTSL8ic1z5sZBarBi3DbTh9mMUz3aiZCAQRNHvOmcMxLZC53FNtkrVCq8rZCLsyjbQVZAt8o7S6Rd1UT0LK7AkgyZAlu11MC9rWND8eZBiKjjiYjwmBMLWko7k6GGPZCREehKRNFCsyM1Ll7sFb1hXycZD",
"message" => "Here is a blog post about auto posting on Facebook using PHP #php #facebook",
"link" => "http://www.pontikis.net/blog/auto_post_on_facebook_with_php",
"picture" => "http://i.imgur.com/lHkOsiH.png",
"name" => "How to Auto Post on Facebook with PHP",
"caption" => "www.pontikis.net",
"description" => "Automatically post on Facebook with PHP using Facebook PHP SDK. How to create a Facebook app. Obtain and extend Facebook access tokens. Cron automation."
);
try {
// 466400200079875 is Facebook id of Fan page https://www.facebook.com/pontikis.net
$ret = $fb->api('/466400200079875/feed', 'POST', $params);
echo 'Successfully posted to Facebook Fan Page';
} catch(Exception $e) {
echo $e->getMessage();
}
?>
And the result is
Upload a photo to Facebook Album
The code is
<?php
require_once("/path/to/facebook_php_sdk/facebook.php"); // set the right path
$config = array();
$config['appId'] = '167252680143474';
$config['secret'] = '29d8d368420dc1e81198fce224ac71c9';
$config['fileUpload'] = true;
$fb = new Facebook($config);
$params = array(
// this is the access token for Fan Page
"access_token" => "CAACYHYyWcnIBAMK1y2tqiRKx8bBXGFFzjdUamOlMZCBJrTSL8ic1z5sZBarBi3DbTh9mMUz3aiZCAQRNHvOmcMxLZC53FNtkrVCq8rZCLsyjbQVZAt8o7S6Rd1UT0LK7AkgyZAlu11MC9rWND8eZBiKjjiYjwmBMLWko7k6GGPZCREehKRNFCsyM1Ll7sFb1hXycZD",
"message" => "Here is a blog post about auto posting on Facebook using PHP #php #facebook",
"source" => "@" . "/home/pontikis/photo.png", // ATTENTION give the PATH not URL
);
try {
// 466400200079875 is Facebook id of Fan page https://www.facebook.com/pontikis.net
$ret = $fb->api('/466400200079875/photos', 'POST', $params);
echo 'Photo successfully uploaded to Facebook Album';
} catch(Exception $e) {
echo $e->getMessage();
}
?>
The result in the timeline is
and the photo is available in the album
Putting them all together
Of course, you may use these code samples with many ways. For example to post a topic on Facebook just after it is published. Below is how I use this code to post on Facebook every day, using Cron. (I am not referring to this blog. I share pontikis.net posts manually, as the new topics are two or three per week. I use automation for other sites I manage with more than five new
topics every day).
The following PHP script can be invoked from command line (or Cron) or from your browser.
Remember to put this script in
a protected directory of your web server (without public access).
Here is a short description of the script.
Here is the code:
<?php
// determine script invocation (CLI or Web Server)
if(php_sapi_name() == 'cli') {
$line_break = PHP_EOL;
} else {
$line_break = '<br>';
}
// require Facebook PHP SDK
require_once("/path/to/facebook_php_sdk/facebook.php"); // configure /path/to/... appropriately
// initialize Facebook class using your own Facebook App credentials
$config = array();
$config['appId'] = 'YOUR_APP_ID'; // configure appropriately
$config['secret'] = 'YOUR_APP_SECRET'; // configure appropriately
$config['fileUpload'] = false; // optional
$fb = new Facebook($config);
// get current time - configure appropriately, depending to how you store dates in your database
$now = date("YmdHis");
// connect to database
$conn = new mysqli("db_server", "db_user", "db_passwd", "db_name"); // configure appropriately
// check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
trigger_error('Database connection failed: ' . $conn->connect_error, E_USER_ERROR);
}
// create array with topics to be posted on Facebook
$sql = 'SELECT id as topic_id, title, url, description, facebook_post, facebook_image, facebook_pubstatus FROM topics ' .
'WHERE date_published IS NOT NULL AND date_published <= ' . "'" . $now . "' " .
'AND facebook_pubstatus = 0 ' .
'ORDER BY date_published ASC';
$rs = $conn->query($sql);
if($rs === false) {
$user_error = 'Wrong SQL: ' . $sql . '<br>' . 'Error: ' . $conn->errno . ' ' . $conn->error;
trigger_error($user_error, E_USER_ERROR);
}
$rs->data_seek(0);
while($res = $rs->fetch_assoc()) {
$a_topic = array(
"topic_id" => $res["topic_id"],
"topic_title" => $res["title"],
"topic_url" => $res["url"],
"topic_description" => $res["description"],
"facebook_post" => $res["facebook_post"],
"facebook_image" => $res["facebook_image"],
"facebook_pubstatus" => $res["facebook_pubstatus"]
);
array_push($share_topics, $a_topic);
}
$rs->free();
// AUTOMATIC POST EACH TOPIC TO FACEBOOK
foreach($share_topics as $share_topic) {
if($share_topic['facebook_status'] == 0) {
// define POST parameters
$params = array(
"access_token" => "YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN", // configure appropriately
"message" => $share_topic['facebook_post'],
"link" => $share_topic['topic_url'],
"name" => $share_topic['topic_title'],
"caption" => "YOUR_SITE_URL", // configure appropriately
"description" => $share_topic['topic_description']
);
if($share_topic['facebook_image']) {
$params["picture"] = $share_topic['facebook_image'];
}
// check if topic successfully posted to Facebook
try {
$ret = $fb->api('/YOUR_FACEBOOK_ID/feed', 'POST', $params); // configure appropriately
// mark topic as posted (ensure that it will be posted only once)
$sql = 'UPDATE topics SET facebook_pubstatus = 1 WHERE id = ' . $share_topic['topic_id'];
if($conn->query($sql) === false) {
trigger_error('Wrong SQL: ' . $sql . ' Error: ' . $conn->error, E_USER_ERROR);
}
$result .= $share_topic['topic_id'] . ' ' . $share_topic['facebook_post'] . ' successfully posted to Facebook!' . $line_break;
} catch(Exception $e) {
$result .= $share_topic['topic_id'] . ' ' . $share_topic['facebook_post'] . ' FAILED... (' . $e->getMessage() . ')' . $line_break;
}
sleep(3);
}
}
if(php_sapi_name() == 'cli') {
// keep log
file_put_contents('/path/to/auto_share.log', $result . str_repeat('=', 80) . PHP_EOL, FILE_APPEND);
echo $result;
} else {
$html = '<html><head>';
$html .= '<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">';
$html .= '</head>';
$html .= '<body>';
$html .= $result;
$html .= '</body>';
$html .= '</html>';
echo $html;
}
?>
Cron automation
Here is an example to run every day on 07:30 (your server time) the auto
share php script, using Cron. A mail will be sent with the results.
As root
crontab -e
add the following line
30 7 * * * /usr/bin/php /path/to/auto_share.php | mail -s "Auto share results" you@your-email.com
